How to determine the optimal temperature and time range for jet dyeing machines

1. Consider dye characteristics
Dye type
Different types of dyes have different requirements for temperature and time. For example, reactive dyes usually require higher temperatures to fully react with fibers, generally ranging from 60℃ to 90℃, and dyeing time may take 30 minutes to 90 minutes. Disperse dyes are suitable for dyeing under high temperature and high pressure, with temperatures as high as 130℃ and relatively long times.
Understanding the molecular structure, solubility, dyeing rate and other characteristics of dyes can help determine the appropriate temperature and time range. For example, some dyes with faster dyeing rates may require lower temperatures and shorter times to avoid uneven dyeing.
Dye color fastness
The color fastness of dyes is also closely related to temperature and time. Generally speaking, higher temperatures and longer times can improve the color fastness of dyes, but excessive temperatures and times may cause dye decomposition or fiber damage, which will reduce color fastness. For example, for dark dyeing that requires high color fastness, the temperature can be appropriately increased and the time can be extended, but it should be controlled within a reasonable range.
Refer to the color fastness test data and suggestions provided by the dye supplier, and combine with actual production needs to determine the best temperature and time combination.
2. Analyze fabric material
Fiber type
Different fibers have different tolerances to temperature and time. For example, natural fibers such as cotton, linen, silk, etc. are usually dyed at relatively low temperatures, generally ranging from 40℃ to 90℃, and the time may vary from 30 minutes to 2 hours depending on the color depth and fiber characteristics. Synthetic fibers such as polyester and nylon require higher temperatures to achieve good dyeing effects, and the temperature can be as high as 120℃ or above.
Understand the characteristics of thermal stability, hygroscopicity, dyeing performance, etc. of various fibers in order to select the appropriate temperature and time for different fabrics. For example, wool fibers are easily damaged at high temperatures, so the dyeing temperature should be controlled at a low level and the time should not be too long.
Fabric structure
The structure of the fabric will also affect the temperature and time of dyeing. Tightly structured fabrics may require higher temperatures and longer times for the dye to fully penetrate the fiber, while loosely structured fabrics are relatively easy to dye, and the temperature and time can be appropriately reduced. For example, heavy denim may need to be dyed for a long time at a higher temperature, while light silk can be dyed quickly at a lower temperature.
Considering factors such as fabric thickness, density, yarn fineness, etc., determine the optimal temperature and time range through sample tests.
3. Conduct sample tests
Prepare samples with different temperature and time combinations
Select several representative temperature and time combinations, such as starting with a lower temperature and a shorter time, and gradually increase the temperature and time to prepare a series of samples. The temperature and time range can be preliminarily determined based on experience or reference to similar dyeing processes, and then several different points can be selected within this range for testing.
Ensure that the sample preparation process is as close as possible to actual production, including using the same dyes, auxiliaries, fabrics, etc., and using the same dyeing equipment and process parameters to obtain reliable results.
Evaluate the dyeing effect of the sample
Evaluate each sample by color measurement, color fastness test, dyeing uniformity check, etc. Use professional color measurement instruments such as spectrophotometers to measure the color parameters of the sample and compare the color differences under different temperature and time combinations. Carry out color fastness tests, including washing fastness, rubbing fastness, sunlight fastness, etc., to determine the fastness of the dye on the fabric. At the same time, observe the dyeing uniformity of the sample by naked eye to check whether there are color differences, color flowers and other problems.
Based on the evaluation results, determine which temperature and time combination can achieve the best dyeing effect. For example, if the sample under a certain combination has bright colors, high color fastness, and good dyeing uniformity, then this combination may be a more ideal temperature and time range.
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